Defining an arc in terms of its true length can be done with a Smart Dimension.After starting the Smart Dimension:
1. Select the handle on one end of the arc.
2. Select the handle on the opposite end of the arc.
3. Select the arc itself.

Placing the dimension will open the Modify dialog box as usual.
Enter the dimension; after placing the dimension an arc will appear over the dimension value indicating the dimension is specifying the true length of the arc.